To: WSFAlist at keithlynch.net Date: Mon, 6 Jan 2003 20:21:04 -0500 Subject: [WSFA] Re: baseballs, priests, and newsgroups From: ronkean at juno.com Reply-To: WSFA members <WSFAlist at keithlynch.net> On Sun, 5 Jan 2003 00:46:50 -0500 (EST) "Keith F. Lynch" <kfl at KeithLynch.net> writes: > Sure enough, I found one page discussing it, at > http://www.baseball1.com/carney/index.php?storyid=73 > ... The article also mentions that these falling baseballs were > going *slower* than thrown baseballs. Perhaps. A vigorously thrown baseball might initially be moving as fast as about 70 miles per hour. Found via google, the fastest pitch on record, 98.6 miles per hour (144 ft/sec) was thrown by Bob Feller of the Cleveland Indians in 1947. 100 feet per second is reported to be about the optimum speed for throwing a curveball, and 100 feet per second is said to be well within the ability of most professional pitchers. But it is not immediately obvious that terminal velocity is slower than 100 feet per second. Official baseball specifications (for a so-called hardball) are: 5 to 5 1/4 ounces in weight and 9 to 9 1/4 inches in circumference. Going metric, let's say a baseball is 7.38 cm in diameter, or 43 cm^2 in cross section, and 145 grams in mass, weighing 1.42 newtons. Let's say that air density is 1.2 kg/m^3. Can anyone calculate terminal velocity? I suppose the question is: how fast a wind would it take to exert 1.42 newtons of force on a 43 cm^2 cross section? These data imply that the density of a hardball is 0.69, which means that it would float in water (at least before it gets completely saturated). That seems a bit surprising. I would have thought a baseball (hardball) would sink in water. I guess there's nothing > limiting a thrown ball to terminal velocity. > A thrown baseball, if thrown faster than terminal velocity, will slow down until it reaches terminal velocity, at which time it would be falling straight down, unless, of course, it hits the ground or hits something else first. But it approaches terminal velocity asymptotically, so, strictly speaking, in a Newtonian world, it would never reach terminal velocity exactly. > In another conversation last night, Bob MacIntosh wondered what Joe > Mayhew would have thought about the current molestation scandals in > the Catholic Church. I thought the scandals went back many years, > rather than being recent. > Apparently, molestation within the Catholic Church has been going on for many years, but it has only been in the past year or so that the resulting scandal has come to the forefront of public attention. So it might appear, to someone who had paid little attention to such things, that molestation has all of a sudden become a problem in the Church. The reality is probably quite the opposite. Most of the scandals arise from acts which took place many years ago, and the embarrassment to the Church is compounded by the past failure of the Church hierarchy to deal justly with the problem. But the situation is now greatly changed as a result of all the public scrutiny and outrage, and so the prevalence of molestation in the Church at this time is probably much lower than it has been for many years. One thing which has come to light is that have long been Church facilities in operation to treat pedophilia, and the mere existence of such facilities suggests that pedophilia has long been a problem in the Church. But to put things in perspective, what little statistical evidence has appeared in the press suggests that only about one half of one percent of all priests have actually molested children. The problem is 'big' mainly because some pedophile priests have molested many children over a long period of time, and because molestation by priests and coverups by bishops are regarded as egregious violations of trust, much more so than molestation by some random individual who has not been placed in a position of trust. It appears that some have jumped to the conclusion that there is something peculiarly wrong with the Catholic Church. Before drawing that conclusion, one would have to ask what percentage of adults (well, adult men) who are not priests have molested children. I have no statistics on that, but I think that some womens' rights groups have claimed that a large percentage of women were molested as children. > This time I had Google tell me how many newsgroup messages > containing both "priest" and "molestation" were posted each half year. > ... This technique can be used to track any topic ... That sounds like a useful tool for tracking popular culture, especially since it quickly yields numerical data which can be compared with the corresponding data for other topics. A big drawback, though, is that the results will be highly dependent on how the search is formulated, and properly formulating the search terms might require much trial and error and reading of sampled messages to verify the relevancy of chosen search words. Another drawback is that while that research tool may show to what extent people are discussing a given topic (and especially how that has changed over time), it does not show what they are saying about the topic. You would have to sample the messages to characterize what is being said. Perhaps Keith can readily answer these questions: About how many distinct newsgroups are there which are reasonably active (at least a hundred messages per month), how far back do the newsgroup archives go, and has the use of newsgroups generally, as measured by the number of messages posted, been increasing, stagnating, or falling off, in recent years? It might be interesting to compare the annual message volume of all newsgroups with the corresponding data for some of the large email list services, such as yahoo and topica. Ron Kean . ________________________________________________________________ Sign Up for Juno Platinum Internet Access Today Only $9.95 per month! Visit www.juno.com